Obese and diabetic patients lose more weight on a high fat diet compared to a high carbohydrate diet

This study was published in the Annals of Internal Medicine 2004 May 18;140(10):778-85

Study title and authors:

The effects of low-carbohydrate versus conventional weight loss diets in severely obese adults: one-year follow-up of a randomized trial.

Stern L, Iqbal N, Seshadri P, Chicano KL, Daily DA, McGrory J, Williams M, Gracely EJ, Samaha FF.

Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, and Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

This study can be accessed at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15148064

This study, of one years duration, compared the effects of of either a high carbohydrate diet or high fat diet on 132 obese adults of whom 83% had diabetes or the metabolic syndrome.

After one year the composition of the two diets was:
(i) 50% carbohydrate, 16% protein, 34% fat (high carbohydrate diet).
(ii) 30% carbohydrate, 18% protein, 52% fat (high fat diet).

The study found:
(a) Those on the high fat diet lost an extra 2 kg compared to those on the high carbohydrate diet.
(b) The unhealthy triglyceride levels decreased by 28.2% on the high fat diet, whereas they increased by 2.7% on the high carbohydrate diet.
(c) The unhealthy high HbA1C levels decreased by an extra 9.6% in diabetic patients on the high fat diet compared to the high carbohydrate diet.

This study shows that a high fat diet had produced more favourable health outcomes for obese and diabetic patients compared with a high carbohydrate diet.

High fat diets reduce dangerous C-reactive protein levels by 52.6%

This study was published in Diabetologia 2005 Jan;48(1):8-16

Study title and authors:

Comparison of high-fat and high-protein diets with a high-carbohydrate diet in insulin-resistant obese women.

McAuley KA, Hopkins CM, Smith KJ, McLay RT, Williams SM, Taylor RW, Mann JI

Edgar National Centre for Diabetes Research, Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. kirsten.mcauley@stonebow.otago.ac.nz

This study can be accessed at: http://www.springerlink.com/content/1abv5hablr8veyrm/fulltext.html

High levels of C-reactive protein and triglycerides are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. See here and here.

This study investigated the effects of 3 diets on diabetes and heart disease risk factors, such as weight, triglyceride levels and C-reactive protein levels in 96 overweight insulin-resistant women.

The diets were either:
(i) High-carbohydrate, high-fibre diet
(ii) High-protein diet
(iii) High-fat diet

The study found:
(a) When compared with the high carbohydrate diet, the high fat and high protein diets were shown to produce significantly greater reductions in weight loss.
(b) When compared with the high carbohydrate diet, the high fat and high protein diets were shown to produce significantly greater reductions in triglyceride levels.
(c) All diets reduced C-reactive protein levels. The high carbohydrate diet reduced them by 14.8% and the high protein diet by 17.3%. However by far the largest decrease in the dangerous C-reactive protein levels was on the high fat diet, with a 52.6% reduction.

This study reveals how a high fat diet is effective in reducing the risk of heart disease, with weight loss and the reduction of heart disease risk factors such as triglyceride and C-reactive protein levels.

High fat dairy consumption LOWERS the risk of diabetes

Published in the Ann Intern Med. 2010 Dec 21;153(12):790-9.

Trans-palmitoleic acid, metabolic risk factors, and new-onset diabetes in U.S. adults: a cohort study.
Mozaffarian D, Cao H, King IB, Lemaitre RN, Song X, Siscovick DS, Hotamisligil GS.
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. dmozaffa@hsph.harvard.edu

This study can be accessed at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21173413

The study found that whole fat dairy consumption was most strongly associated with higher trans-palmitoleate levels.

Higher levels of trans-palmitoleate were associated with a lower BMI, a lower waist circumference, lower total cholesterol and lower levels of C-reactive protein (a marker of inflammation).

In people who did not have diabetes at the start of the study, greater levels of trans-palmitoleate were associated with a lower risk of new-onset diabetes over the subsequent 10 years.

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Lower fat diets associated with higher obesity rates

Published at the University of Gothenberg

Nutrition and health in 4-year-olds in a Swedish well-educated urban community
Garemo, Malin Haglund

This paper can be accessed at: http://gupea.ub.gu.se/dspace/handle/2077/16984

Garemo found that a lower fat diet was associated with higher obesity rates.

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